{"id":200,"date":"2015-03-10T13:38:19","date_gmt":"2015-03-10T13:38:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/humorous-knowledge.flywheelsites.com\/?p=200"},"modified":"2022-11-06T06:58:44","modified_gmt":"2022-11-06T06:58:44","slug":"ielts-writing-task-1-grammar-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/2015\/03\/10\/ielts-writing-task-1-grammar-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"IELTS Writing Task 1 Grammar and Vocabulary Guide"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>This article will help you improve your score for IELTS Writing Task 1 vocabulary and grammar.<\/p>\n<p>Firstly, you should know that the IELTS writing test marking scheme is divided into four parts:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Grammatical Range and Accuracy<\/li>\n<li>Task Achievement<\/li>\n<li>Lexical Resource<\/li>\n<li>Coherence and Cohesion<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Therefore, grammar accounts for 25% of the marks in your writing test.<\/p>\n<p>You are assessed on two things:<!--more--><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Your ability to produce grammatically accurate sentences;<\/li>\n<li>Your ability to use a wide range of grammar structures.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>As a result, grammar is often the area that students struggle with the most, as it can easily bring a student\u2019s scores down.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Accuracy of grammar<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Examiners look for how many \u2018error-free\u2019 sentences you have. Therefore, you need to make sure each sentence has no errors. Even a small mistake like an article in the wrong place or misplaced plural counts towards this.<\/p>\n<p>As a result, you must check your work after you finish writing. Always try to leave yourself two minutes at the end to proofread your work. Simple errors, which could be fixed with a quick check, will really damage your marks in this area.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Range of grammar<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>A good answer will have a range of appropriate structures and tenses. Many students try to insert <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/2015\/03\/27\/ielts-writing-complex-sentence\/\">complex sentences<\/a> and tenses into their answers. This is a <strong>poor strategy <\/strong>that will make your answers look unnatural and can result in you making mistakes.<\/p>\n<p>A good answer uses complex sentences (such as conditional and relative clauses) that flow naturally. In other words, don&#8217;t insert complicated sentences or tenses just for the sake of it.<\/p>\n<p>Below is some advice on certain grammar structures that will help boost your score in part one of the writing test if used appropriately. I have only included advice for charts, such as pie charts, line graphs and bar charts, in this post. I discuss <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/2015\/07\/13\/ielts-writing-task-1-process-questions\/\">process diagrams in a separate post.<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Describing Trends<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>In IELTS writing task 1, you may have to describe trends. This may come up in a line graph, bar chart or when comparing more than one chart.<\/p>\n<p>There are two main grammatical structures we can use to describe trends.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>There + be + adj. + noun + in + noun phrase<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Example<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>There was a gradual rise in the price of oil.<\/p>\n<p>There has been a sharp drop in the price of oil.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Possible adjectives<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>gradual<\/li>\n<li>moderate<\/li>\n<li>modest<\/li>\n<li>sharp<\/li>\n<li>dramatic<\/li>\n<li>slight<\/li>\n<li>steep<\/li>\n<li>steady<\/li>\n<li>significant<\/li>\n<li>considerable<\/li>\n<li>rapid<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Possible nouns:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>variation<\/li>\n<li>decline<\/li>\n<li>decrease<\/li>\n<li>dip<\/li>\n<li>drop<\/li>\n<li>fall<\/li>\n<li>peak<\/li>\n<li>fluctuation<\/li>\n<li>growth<\/li>\n<li>increase<\/li>\n<li>rise<\/li>\n<li>slump<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>Noun phrase + verb + adverb<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The price of oil rose gradually.<\/p>\n<p>The price of oil has risen dramatically.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Possible verbs:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>rise<\/li>\n<li>jump<\/li>\n<li>grow<\/li>\n<li>climb<\/li>\n<li>increase<\/li>\n<li>rocket<\/li>\n<li>fall<\/li>\n<li>drop<\/li>\n<li>decline<\/li>\n<li>decrease<\/li>\n<li>go down<\/li>\n<li>plummet<\/li>\n<li>plunge<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Possible adverbs:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>gradually<\/li>\n<li>moderately<\/li>\n<li>modestly<\/li>\n<li>sharply<\/li>\n<li>dramatically<\/li>\n<li>slightly<\/li>\n<li>steeply<\/li>\n<li>steadily<\/li>\n<li>significantly<\/li>\n<li>considerably<\/li>\n<li>rapidly<\/li>\n<li>slowly<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Describing Increases and Decreases<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>When describing any of the charts in IELTS writing task 1, you might have to describe increases and decreases. There are three main ways you can describe increases and decreases.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Noun phrase + verb + adverb<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The price of property fell sharply<\/p>\n<p>The percentage of homes dropped dramatically.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>There + be + noun + in + noun phrase<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>There was a fall in literacy levels.<\/p>\n<p>There has been an increase in the cost of coffee.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong>Using fractions<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The price of oil <strong>halved<\/strong> in less than a year.<\/p>\n<p>The price of oil has&nbsp;<strong>halved<\/strong> since July.<\/p>\n<p>By July, the price of oil has <strong>halved<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Making Comparisons<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>IELTS writing task 1 will often require comparing data sources, groups and times. Here are five grammatical structures you can use to make comparisons.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>More\/few\/less + noun + than<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Overall, more people preferred public transport to taxis.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> of one syllable -er + than<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A higher number of people preferred public transport to taxis.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong>More\/less + adj. of more than one syllable + than<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Taxis were more popular than public transport.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong> of one syllable -est.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Example:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The highest % of commuters preferred taxis.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><strong>The most\/least + adj. of more than one syllable.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The least popular mode of transport was buses.<\/p>\n<h3><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Summarising<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>IELTS writing task 1 is essentially a summarising task. Your <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/2015\/05\/13\/ielts-task-1-overview\/\">overview paragraph<\/a> should contain two or three sentences summarising the main features of the graph. To help you do this, here are some short phrases.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To summarise, the most marked change is&#8230;.<\/li>\n<li>Overall, it is clear&#8230;.<\/li>\n<li>Overall, the majority\/minority&#8230;.<\/li>\n<li>In sum, the most noticeable trend is&#8230;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Don&#8217;t say &#8216;to conclude&#8217;. This is only for discursive essays.<\/p>\n<h3><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Tenses<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Using the appropriate tenses in IELTS writing task 1 is essential if you want to get a high band score.<\/p>\n<p>The key is to look at the chart&#8217;s title and the information on both axes to establish what time frame is used. This will help you establish what tense you should use.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>If the time is one point in the past, for example, January 1990, then we should use the <strong>past tense<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>If it has projections for the future, for example, 2045, we use <strong>future tenses<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>If there is no time, we use the <strong>present simple<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Below are a range of tenses that could be used in task 1. Remember, the tense you use will depend on the information displayed in the graph. This is not a complete list of tenses, and an awareness of all the English tenses will help you achieve the IELTS score you need.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Present Perfect<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>We use this tense generally to talk about an action that happened at an unspecified time before now. The exact period is not important.<\/p>\n<p>In writing task 1, we use this tense to talk about changes in data that have happened over a period of time.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Example<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The price of oil has fallen by $5 a barrel every week since July.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>Present Perfect Continuous<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>We use this tense to show that something started in the past and has continued up until now.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Example<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Oil prices have been decreasing since July.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong>Future Perfect<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>We use this tense to state that something will be finished at a particular time in the future.<\/p>\n<p>We often use it with \u2018<strong>by<\/strong>\u2019 or \u2018<strong>in<\/strong>\u2019.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Example<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The price of oil will have reached $300 a barrel by 2020.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong>Past Simple<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Use this tense to talk about an action that started and finished at a specific time in the past.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Example<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The price of oil fell from $150 in Jan 2014 to $50 in Jan 2015.<\/p>\n<h3><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Approximations, Percentages and Fractions<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>You will have to deal with percentages in many of the IELTS writing task 1 questions. This is a good opportunity to express these percentages differently and boost your score. A way of varying this language is to express them as fractions or proportions.<\/p>\n<p>Remember that you should vary your language as much as possible to score high in the \u2018lexical resource\u2019 part of the test.<\/p>\n<p>For instance, use approximations. E.g. 49% can be expressed as &#8220;nearly a half&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>Below are a range of expressions that can be used to express percentages.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Fractions<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>73%- nearly three quarters<\/p>\n<p>51%- just over a half<\/p>\n<p>49%- just under a half<\/p>\n<p>32%- nearly a third<\/p>\n<p>3%- a tiny fraction<\/p>\n<p>50%- exactly a half<\/p>\n<p>26%- roughly one quarter<\/p>\n<p>49%- around a half<\/p>\n<p>24%- almost a quarter<\/p>\n<p>77%- approximately three quarters<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Proportions<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>70%- a large proportion<\/p>\n<p>71%- a significant majority<\/p>\n<p>15% a small minority<\/p>\n<p>3%- an insignificant minority<\/p>\n<h3>IELTS Academic: Writing Task 1 in 6 Simple Steps<\/h3>\n<div class=\"lyte-wrapper fourthree\" style=\"width:420px;max-width:100%;margin:5px auto;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL_G8SUrKs-Nfs\"><div id=\"lyte_G8SUrKs-Nfs\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2FG8SUrKs-Nfs%2Fhqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/G8SUrKs-Nfs\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2FG8SUrKs-Nfs%2F0.jpg\" alt=\"YouTube video thumbnail\" width=\"420\" height=\"295\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:420px;margin:5px auto;\"><\/div><\/p>\n<p>Hopefully, you have found this post on IELTS Writing Task 1 vocabulary and grammar useful. If you have any queries, please comment below or email me at chris@ieltsadvantage.com.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Would you like to see more posts like these?<\/strong> <\/em><\/p>\n<p>The best way to keep up to date with our free IELTS resources is to like our Facebook, YouTube and Instagram pages.<\/p>\n<p>***<\/p>\n<p>For more help with Writing Task 1, check out these full lessons:<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/2015\/07\/11\/ielts-academic-writing-task-1\/\">Writing Academic Task 1 in 5 Easy Steps&nbsp;<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a title=\"IELTS Writing Task 1- Charts Lesson\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/2015\/03\/09\/ielts-writing-task-1-charts-lesson\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Charts&nbsp;Lesson<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a title=\"IELTS Writing Task 1 Maps Lesson\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/2015\/03\/24\/ielts-writing-task-1-maps-lesson\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Maps&nbsp;Lesson<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a title=\"IELTS Task 1 Multiple Graphs\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/2015\/05\/12\/ielts-task-1-multiple-graphs\/\">Multiple Charts\/Graphs&nbsp;<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/2015\/07\/13\/ielts-writing-task-1-process-questions\/\">Process Lesson<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>See the articles below for more help with Academic IELTS Writing Skills:<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/2015\/03\/31\/paraphrase-ielts\/\">How to Paraphrase&nbsp;<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a title=\"IELTS Writing Task 1 Charts Checklist\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/2019\/05\/23\/ielts-academic-writing-task-1-checklist\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Task 1 Charts&nbsp;Checklist<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/2015\/03\/27\/ielts-writing-complex-sentence\/\">How to Write a Complex Sentence<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/2015\/03\/23\/how-many-words-ielts-exam\/\">How Many Words?&nbsp;<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/2015\/03\/02\/ielts-writing-task-1-tips\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Task 1 Tips<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1709913 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/IELTS-writing-task-1-vocabulary.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"820\" height=\"312\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/IELTS-writing-task-1-vocabulary.png 820w, https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/IELTS-writing-task-1-vocabulary-300x114.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ieltsadvantage.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/IELTS-writing-task-1-vocabulary-768x292.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 820px) 100vw, 820px\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This article will help you improve your score for IELTS Writing Task 1 vocabulary and grammar. Firstly, you should know that the IELTS writing test marking scheme is divided into four parts: Grammatical Range and Accuracy Task Achievement Lexical Resource Coherence and Cohesion Therefore, grammar accounts for 25% of the marks in your writing test. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1709913,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[38,43,70,73],"class_list":{"0":"post-200","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-writing-task-1","8":"tag-grammar","9":"tag-ielts","10":"tag-ielts-writing","11":"tag-ielts-writing-task-1","12":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>IELTS Writing Task 1 Vocabulary &amp; Grammar-The Ultimate Guide<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Updated for 2023- 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